<xref>
X(cross) Reference
Reference to an object within the standards document (for example, a table, a bibliographic citation, a figure).
Remarks
This element may be used to reference anything that has an attribute of type @id.
Best Practice: The @ref-type attribute (of the <xref> element) can be used to preserve information concerning what type of element is being pointed to by the cross-reference.
Accessibility: Sometimes a <xref> needs to be pronounced in a way that is not reflected in its content or its tagging. The @alt attribute can be used to record the pronunciation for screen readers and other accessibility devices. For example, a cross reference to a figure might be pronounced as “Figure 4”.
Attributes
Model Description
Any combination of:
- Text, numbers, or special characters
- Emphasis Elements
- Inline Display Elements
- <named-content> Named Special (Subject) Content
- <styled-content> Styled Special (Subject) Content
- Baseline Change Elements
This element may be contained in:
<aff>, <alt-title>, <article-title>, <attrib>, <bold>, <chem-struct>, <code>, <collab>, <comment>, <compl>, <compound-kwd-part>, <contrib>, <contrib-group>, <def-head>, <element-citation>, <fixed-case>, <full>, <intro>, <italic>, <label>, <license-p>, <main>, <meta-value>, <mixed-citation>, <monospace>, <named-content>, <on-behalf-of>, <overline>, <p>, <preformat>, <roman>, <sans-serif>, <sc>, <see>, <see-also>, <see-also-entry>, <see-entry>, <speaker>, <std>, <strike>, <styled-content>, <sub>, <subtitle>, <sup>, <td>, <term>, <term-head>, <th>, <title>, <trans-subtitle>, <trans-title>, <underline>, <verse-line>
Example 1
For a footnote:
...
<p>A standard shall indicate ... the document is not measurement
sensitive by placing one of the designations below in a rectangular
box above the standard identifier.<xref ref-type="fn"><sup>1</sup></xref>
<fn>
<label><sup>1</sup></label>
<p>At one time, the letters “DOD” were used in the
document identifier to designate standards that could be used
in metric design; for example, DOD-STD-12345. ...</p>
</fn>
</p>
......
<p>... Stakeholders should include older persons and
persons with disabilities from organizations representing
these populations and those persons with a knowledge of
the accessibility needs of children and gender-related
groups<sup><xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1">1</xref>)</sup>.
<fn id="fn1">
<p>Further information relating to the involvement of users and
potential users can be found in ...</p>
</fn>
</p>
... Example 2
For a figure:
...
<sec id="s5_1">
<label>5.1</label>
<title>Two approaches to addressing accessibility in
standards</title>
...
<p><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figure 1</xref> provides
a graphical summary of how this Guide can be used.</p>
<fig id="f1" orientation="portrait" position="anchor">
<label>Figure 1</label>
<caption>
<title>Two approaches to address accessibility in
standards</title>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="g3658.jpg"/>
</fig>
...
</sec>
... Example 3
For a bibliographic reference:
...
<back>
<app-group>
<app content-type="inform-annex" id="annA">
<label>Annex A</label>
<annex-type>(informative)</annex-type>
<title>Global trends supporting accessibility</title>
...
<sec id="A1">
<label>A.1</label>
<title>Trends in global demographics and market diversity</title>
<p>According to the <italic>World Report on Disability</italic>
(published by the World Health Organization and the World Bank
in June 2011,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="bibr40">[40]</xref></sup>
approximately 15 % of the world population (over one billion
people) has ...</p>
</sec>
...
</app>
</app-group>
<ref-list>
<title>Bibliography</title>
...
<ref id="bibr40">
<label>[40]</label>
<mixed-citation
><person-group><collab>World Health Organization</collab>,
<collab>World Bank</collab></person-group>.
<year iso-8601-date="2011">2011</year>),
<source>World Report on Disability</source>,
<publisher-loc>Geneva</publisher-loc>, available at:
<ext-link
xlink:href="http://www.who.int/disabilities/world_report/2011/en/index.html"
>http://www.who.int/disabilities/world_report/2011/en/index.html</ext-link
></mixed-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
... Example 4
For a section:
...
<body>
...
<sec id="s4">
<label>4</label>
<title>Accessibility in the standards development
process</title>
<sec id="s4_1">
<label>4.1</label>
<title>General</title>
<p>This clause outlines how accessibility can be
addressed in the standards development process:
<list list-type="bullet">
<list-item><p><xref ref-type="sec" rid="s4_2">4.2</xref>
contains general considerations for standards bodies
related to ...</p></list-item>
<list-item><p><xref ref-type="sec" rid="s4_3">4.3</xref>
provides guidance for each of the respective stages of
the standards development process to ensure ...</p></list-item>
</list>
</p>
</sec>
<sec id="s4_2">
<label>4.2</label>
<title>Considerations by standards bodies</title>
<p>Standards bodies should develop a process for ...</p>
</sec>
...
</sec>
...
</body>
... Example 5
For a table:
...
<sec id="s6.7.1.5">
<label>6.7.1.5</label>
<title>Ambient illumination</title>
<p>This test is used to determine the ambient light
levels under which the scanner will operate.</p>
<p>... Specific applications may not require the
extended range noted in <xref ref-type="table"
rid="t11">Table 11</xref>.</p>
<table-wrap id="t11">
<label>Table 11</label>
<caption><title>Ambient illumination levels</title></caption>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Lighting Conditions</th>
<th>Illumination Level Lux</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Dark room</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Desk top</td>
<td>100</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Overcast daylight</td>
<td>1,000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Bright sunlight</td>
<td>100,000</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</table-wrap>
...
</sec>
... Example 6
For an equation:
...
<p>In the case of dollies of diameter 20 mm, the
breaking strength, in megapascals, is given by
<xref ref-type="disp-formula" rid="formula_2">Formula
(2)</xref>
<disp-formula id="formula_2"
><mml:math display="block"
id="mml_m2"
xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" >
<mml:mrow>
<mml:mi>s</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo>
<mml:mfrac>
<mml:mrow>
<mml:mn>4</mml:mn><mml:mi>F</mml:mi></mml:mrow>
<mml:mrow>
<mml:mn>400</mml:mn><mml:mi>p</mml:mi></mml:mrow>
</mml:mfrac>
<mml:mo>=</mml:mo>
<mml:mfrac>
<mml:mi>F</mml:mi>
<mml:mrow>
<mml:mn>314</mml:mn></mml:mrow>
</mml:mfrac>
</mml:mrow>
</mml:math>
<label>(2)</label>
</disp-formula>
</p>
...